What does deliberative democracy emphasize?

Deliberative democracy emphasizes the importance of discussion and argument in decision-making processes. At its core, this theory posits that democratic legitimacy arises not just from the act of voting or the aggregation of preferences but from the quality of deliberation amongst individuals before decisions are made. Participants engage in rational discourse, considering various viewpoints, evidence, and ethical implications of policy options. This approach is founded on the belief that through discussion, participants can arrive at more informed choices, reflect on the common good, and build consensus, thereby enhancing the legitimacy and quality of democratic outcomes.

In this model, the act of deliberation itself is seen as a vital component of democracy, as it fosters an informed citizenry and ensures that diverse opinions are taken into account. This focus on reasoned discussion stands in contrast to majority rule, which may overlook minority perspectives; the delegation of decisions to experts, which can stifle public engagement; and the concept of rapid decision-making without debate, which can lead to uninformed or unilateral choices. Deliberative democracy strives for a more inclusive and thoughtful process that enriches the democratic experience.