What is an example of majority rule in the context of policy selection?

In the context of policy selection, majority rule is exemplified by a policy being determined through a referendum. A referendum is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal and can result in the adoption of new laws or amendments. By nature, such a process typically requires a majority of votes cast for the proposal to pass, reflecting the core principle of majority rule. This mechanism allows for collective decision-making where the preferences of the majority are prioritized in determining policy outcomes.

The other options illustrate different decision-making processes that do not align with the concept of majority rule effectively. A bill favored by a minority failing to pass does not demonstrate majority rule since it indicates that the majority preferred not to pass that bill. Conversely, a bill rejected despite majority support contradicts majority rule because it suggests that a decision was made contrary to the preference of the majority. Lastly, decisions made by consensus involve all parties agreeing, which moves away from the majority rule principle where decisions are made based purely on the majority's preference rather than requiring total agreement.