What role does accountability play in a representative democracy?

In a representative democracy, accountability is fundamental because it ensures that elected officials are answerable to their constituents. This relationship fosters a system where representatives are expected to act in the best interests of the people who voted for them. Regular elections provide citizens with the power to hold these officials accountable for their actions and decisions, encouraging transparency and responsiveness.

When officials know that their positions depend on the trust and support of their constituents, they are more likely to align their policies and actions with the needs and preferences of the electorate. This dynamic creates a system of checks and balances, as voters can choose to replace representatives who fail to deliver on their promises or act contrary to the public's interests.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately capture the essence of accountability in representative democracy. Personal goals of officials do not take precedence over their responsibility to their constituents. Citizens supporting their representatives unconditionally undermines the principle of democratic accountability, as it overlooks the necessity of critique and evaluation of representatives' performance. Lastly, while the judiciary plays a role in upholding laws and rights, accountability extends beyond just legal enforcement; it is primarily about the democratic relationship between voters and their elected officials.