Which example reflects an autocracy?

The example of governance under a single dictator is a clear representation of an autocracy because it involves centralized power in the hands of one individual who has significant control over the state and its functions. In an autocratic system, this single leader often makes decisions without having to consult with others, and there are typically limited political pluralism, a lack of democratic processes, and restrictions on individual freedoms. The power dynamics are heavily skewed in favor of the dictator, making it difficult for any opposition or dissent to emerge.

In contrast, the rule of a royal family may vary; while it can sometimes involve autocratic elements if absolute power is retained, many monarchies today are constitutional and include democratic elements. The leadership of elected officials embodies a democratic system where leaders are chosen through elections, allowing for public participation and accountability. Similarly, a collective governing body indicates a system of governance that is likely democratic, as it suggests shared decision-making power among multiple individuals rather than singular control.